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ENDNOTES
1 ‘ London widowhood reviewed: brand new decline away from women remarriage regarding the seventeenth and you may early eighteenth years ‘, Continuity and change 5 ( 1990 Г¤r ColombiaGirl en riktig datingsida ), 323 –55.CrossRefGoogle College student
step three Wrigley , Elizabeth. A great. and you will Schofield , R. , The populace history of The united kingdomt, 1541–1871: a repair ( London , 1981 ), 258 –9Google Student ; Todd , Barbara J. , ‘The fresh new remarrying widow: a label reconsidered’, within the Early in the day , Meters. ed., Feamales in English area, 1500–1800 ( London , 1985 ), 54 – 92 .Yahoo Scholar
4 Brodsky , Vivien , ‘Widows into the late Elizabethan London area: reily orientations’, from inside the Bonfield , L. , Smith , R. and you may Wrightson , K. eds., The nation i’ve achieved ( Oxford , 1986 ), 122 –54.Yahoo Student
5 Neither, we could possibly create, performed wealth verify they (anecdotal research quite the opposite), as well as ideal of the Nancy Adamson’s looking ( ‘Urban household: this new societal framework of your London area professional, 1500–1603′ [unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University out-of Toronto , 1983 ], 188 –90]Bing Scholar , advertised by Steven Rappaport ( Globes contained in this planets: structures from existence for the sixteenth-century London [ Cambridge , 1989 ], forty )Yahoo Scholar , you to definitely from the after sixteenth century certain 58 percent regarding aldermen’s widows, definitely the brand new wealthiest and more than qualified out-of couples, don’t remarry.
six Find Grigg , Susan , ‘ To your an idea regarding remarriage: a situation examination of Newburyport at the beginning of the newest nineteenth century ‘, Record away from Interdisciplinary Records 8 ( 1977 ), 183 – 220 .CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8 Wilson , Adrian , ‘ Illegitimacy as well as ramifications in the mid-eighteenth-century London area: the data of your Foundling Hospital ‘, Continuity and alter 4 ( 1989 ), 136 .CrossRefGoogle Pupil
9 ‘ Family and you will kinship: Ryton on the late 16th and you can very early seventeenth ages ‘, Record Working area ten ( 1980 ), 49 .Google Student
eleven Ibid. Austen’s log will bring insight into a great generational shift. Austen herself declined remarriage just like the infringing their individual and you may financial freedom including their unique honour, while at the same time taking one to her mom’s remarriage so you can Alderman John Highlord in early 1640s is section of the cornerstone getting her very own prosperity (British Library, Put. MS. 4454, fos. 79v, 93, 93v, 105).
12 The latest petition of your own widows, for the and you may in the London and you may Westminster to own a beneficial redress of the issues , repr. Harleian Miscellany 10 ( London , 1810 ), 170 –5.Bing Scholar
14 New category with the English world try chatted about most generally because of the Linda Woodbridge, in women plus the English Renaissance: literary works and the characteristics regarding womankind, 1540–1620 ( Urbana , 1986 ).Bing College student
fifteen The words closes ‘that people widowes can be recovered to the previous joyes because of the with plurality away from suitors and you can every day hopes of getting an excellent and you will lusty young husbands, on tranquility of our bodies and you will rejoycing of your soules, for ladies (as we could have most of the business discover) wish to real time and color regarding community away from husbands’.
16 For other similar mock petitions authored contained in this months and you may afterwards, look for Smith , H. and you can Cardinale , S. , Female and the books of your own 17th century: an annotated bibliography ( New york , 1990 ).Bing Beginner
17 Nicholles , An effective. , A commentary regarding , J. , The arraignment off …feminine, which includes a part to your ‘The fresh bear-baiting of your mirror from widows’ ( 1615 )Yahoo Pupil ; Taylor , J. , This new Juniper Lectures ( 1639 ).Google Pupil
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18 MacDonald , Roentgen. A great. , ‘The widow: a continual figure into the Jacobean and you may Caroline comedy’ (unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of brand new Brunswick , 1978 ), step 1 , 75 , 79 .Yahoo Scholar Whenever i talked about from inside the ‘The brand new reples out-of widows exactly who selected not to get married and you will resisted importunate suitors. Phase widows try universally steeped, in order for origin brings little advice for those guessing concerning the attitudes of one’s bad widow.